Mach number and Supersonic Flight

What is Mach Number? The Mach number is the ratio of the velocity of a motion mass in motion to the velocity of sound in terms of mass, from the Austrian physicist Ernst Mach. M = V / a (M: Mach number, V: Actual air velocity, a: Local sound velocity). It is specified at sea level, 1 atm pressure and 1 Mach = 1226.5 km / h (340 meters / second) at 15 ° C temperature. Under these conditions, the sound speed is 1 Mach.The speed of sound is a quantity that varies with altitude. The higher the temperature, the lower the temperature. The atmospheric layer from the sea level to the elevation of 11 km is called the troposphere. As it rises from the ground, the sound speed decreases. Because the square of the sound velocity changes directly with the air temperature, the Mach number at lower altitudes is lower than the sea level. At Mach 1 = Mach 1226.5 km / h at sea level, Mach 1 = Mach = 1062.2 km / h at 11.000 meters on the Stratospheric boundary.

Supersonic FlightSupersonic is the term used to denote speeds above the speed of sound (1 Mach). At sea level, the sound velocity is assumed to be approximately 340 m / s, 1,087 ft / s, 761 mph or 1,225 km / h. Most of the warplanes being used are supersonic.F-16 Fighting Falcon, F-18 Super Hornet.

Supersonic aircrafts entered the civil aviation sector, perhaps with Concorde planes, which have heard the name of a lot. The first idea about Concorde emerged in 1956, and a committee was established in England called the “Sesten Rapid Aircraft Committee”. And Concorde was developed in the 1960s in partnership with Britain and France. These aircraft were used between 1976 and 2003 on British Airways and Air France. The first commercial flight took place between London and Bahrain. Since 1977, Air France has started to carry passengers between Paris and New York with sesten fast airplanes.A total of 20 units (6 prototypes, 14 of which are Air France and British Airways), Rolls Royce’s extra powerful engines were used, developed in partnership with British and French engineers in general and used between 1976 and 2003, capable of flying at 2100 kilometers per hour It was a supersonic commercial passenger plane. But Concorde, the result of the oil crisis in the 1970s, was hit and the Boeing 747s started to be preferred on overseas trips. (Concorde’s passenger capacity was 125 people.

The vast majority of the passengers were rich and famous because Concorde’s ticket price for a single trip between New York and Paris was 12,000 dollars.) The inventory was taken from the Paris-Charles de Gaulle airport on July 25, 2000, And all aircraft were retired after the last commercial expedition was made between London and New York on October 24, 2003.